Allogeneic Transplantation for Patients With Advanced Myelofibrosis: Splenomegaly and High Serum LDH are Adverse Risk Factors for Successful Engraftment.

TitleAllogeneic Transplantation for Patients With Advanced Myelofibrosis: Splenomegaly and High Serum LDH are Adverse Risk Factors for Successful Engraftment.
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2016
AuthorsGergis U, Kuriakose E, Shore T, Mayer S, Mark T, Pearse R, Schuster M, Feldman E, Roboz G, Ritchie E, Scandura J, Wang H, Zhou XKathy, Silver RT, van Besien K
JournalClin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk
Volume16
Issue5
Pagination297-303
Date Published2016 May
ISSN2152-2669
KeywordsAdolescent, Adult, Aged, Biomarkers, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Graft Survival, Graft vs Host Disease, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Humans, Janus Kinase 2, Lactate Dehydrogenases, Male, Middle Aged, Mortality, Primary Myelofibrosis, Prognosis, Risk Factors, Splenomegaly, Transplantation Conditioning, Transplantation, Homologous, Treatment Outcome, Young Adult
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Thirty consecutive patients underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for myelofibrosis (MF) at our institution. The median age at the time of transplant was 49 (range, 18-68) years, 74% of patients had advanced Dynamic International Prognostic Scoring System (DIPSS) scores, and 83% received reduced-intensity conditioning.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: With a long follow-up of our patients, we analyzed disease and transplant variables that contributed to engraftment and outcomes.

RESULTS: Neutrophil engraftment was achieved in 27 patients (90%) at a median time of 15 (range, 10-44) days, and 19 patients (63%) achieved platelet recovery at a median time of 18 (range, 8-100) days. Splenomegaly was associated with poor neutrophil engraftment (subdistributional hazard ratio [SHR], 0.42; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.21-0.83; P = .01) and platelet engraftment (SHR, 0.18; 95% CI, 0.07-0.48; P < .001). Increased levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was associated with poor platelet engraftment (SHR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.16-0.94; P = .04). The median follow-up for surviving patients was 49 (range, 3-155) months. The 1-year cumulative incidence of nonrelapse mortality (NRM) and relapse were respectively, 57% (95% CI, 29%-76%) and 25% (95% CI, 7%-48%). Increased levels of LDH was associated with high NRM (SHR, 2.82; 95% CI, 1.08-7.35; P = .03). The 4-year overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) were 44% (95% CI, 29%-67%) and 37% (95% CI, 23%-61%), respectively. In the multivariable model, splenomegaly and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (PS) > 1 were associated with worse OS (hazard ratio [HR], 5.40; 95% CI, 1.19-24.56); P = .03) and RFS (HR, 3.78; 95% CI, 1.01-14.06; P < .05), respectively. ECOG PS > 1 was also associated with worse RFS (HR, 5.00; 95% CI, 1.31-19.14; P = .02). In this patient group with advanced disease, DIPPS score, Lille score, Janus-Associated Kinase V617F (JAK2 V617F) mutation status, and donor type did not predict transplant outcome.

CONCLUSION: We confirm curative potential, but high NRM of allogeneic transplant for advanced MF.

DOI10.1016/j.clml.2016.02.004
Alternate JournalClin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk
PubMed ID27025789

Richard T. Silver MD Myeloproliferative Neoplasms Center 525 East 70th St., Starr Pavillion, 3rd Floor New York, NY 10021 SilverMPNCenter@med.cornell.edu